{"id":1821,"date":"2017-07-12T13:08:38","date_gmt":"2017-07-12T07:38:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/?p=1821"},"modified":"2022-12-13T11:33:53","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T06:03:53","slug":"design-of-strap-footing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/","title":{"rendered":"Design of Strap Footing"},"content":{"rendered":"

Design of Strap footing<\/strong><\/p>\n

Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n

When \u00a0two \u00a0columns are reasonably close, a combined footing is designed for both columns as shown in below. When two columns are far apart, a strap is designed to transfer eccentric moment between two columns as shown in below. The goal is to have uniform bearing pressure and to minimize differential settlement between columns.<\/p>\n

\"\" \"\"<\/p>\n

Design assumptions<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Strap does not provide bearing.<\/li>\n
  2. Strap is ridge enough to transfer moment from one footing to the other.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Design procedure<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Service load design:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Determine the length of exterior footing and its eccentricity, e.<\/li>\n
    2. Determine eccentric moment, M = Pa*e.<\/li>\n
    3. Determine shear force, V = M \/ L<\/li>\n
    4. Determine footing reaction, Ra = Pa+V, and Rb = Pb-V<\/li>\n
    5. Determine footing sizes for both A & B.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Structural analysis<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Calculate factored column loads, Pua & Pub<\/li>\n
      2. Calculate factored eccentric moment Mu = Pua*e<\/li>\n
      3. Calculate factored shear, Vu = Mu \/ L<\/li>\n
      4. Determine factored reactions, Rua & Rub.<\/li>\n
      5. Perform structural analysis, determine factored shear and moment on footings and strap.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Reinforced concrete design<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Design exterior footing. Check shear stresses and design flexural reinforcement.<\/li>\n
        2. Design interior footing. Check shear stresses and design flexural reinforcements.<\/li>\n
        3. Design footing strap as a reinforced concrete beam.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Service load design:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Design procedure:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Determine the length of exterior footing and its eccentricity, e.<\/li>\n
          2. Determine eccentric moment, M = Pa*e.<\/li>\n
          3. Determine shear force, V = M \/ L<\/li>\n
          4. Determine footing reaction, Ra = Pa+V, and Rb = Pb-V<\/li>\n
          5. Determine footing sizes for both A & B.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Determine sizes of strap footing<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Given:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Column information:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Column A: Live load = 40 kips, Dead load = 50 kips<\/p>\n

            Column B: Live load = 80 kips, Dead load = 100 kips.<\/p>\n

            Distance between two columns: 22 ft.<\/p>\n

            Footing information:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Allowable soil bearing capacity; 3000 psf<\/p>\n

            Distance from column A to edge of footing: 1 ft.<\/p>\n

            Allowable soil bearing capacity = 3000 psf<\/p>\n

            Weight of soil above footing = 120 psf<\/p>\n

            Depth of footing= 24\u201d<\/p>\n

            Depth of soil above footing = 12\u201d<\/p>\n

            Requirements: Determine the size of footing A & B.<\/p>\n

            Solution:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \"\"<\/p>\n

            Assume a footing width of 6 ft, the eccentricity of footing A is e = 6\/2-1=2\u2019.<\/p>\n

            The distance between footing reaction, L = 22-2=20\u2019<\/p>\n

            The eccentric moment is M = (40+50)*2=180 ft-kips<\/p>\n

            The shear produced by M is, V = 180\/20=9 kips<\/p>\n

            Reaction at footing A = 40+50+9 =99 kips<\/p>\n

            Net soil bearing capacity = 3000-2*150-120=2580 psf<\/p>\n

            Required footing area of A = 99\/2.58=38.4 ft2.<\/p>\n

            Use 6\u2019 by 6.5\u2019 footing, area = 39 ft2.<\/p>\n

            Reaction at footing B = 100+80-9=171 kips<\/p>\n

            Required footing area = 171\/2.58=66.3 ft2.<\/p>\n

            Use 8\u2019 by 8.5\u2019 footing, A = 68 ft2.<\/p>\n

            \"\"<\/p>\n

            Structural analysis of strap footing<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Procedures<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Calculate factored column loads, Pua & Pub<\/li>\n
            2. Calculate factored eccentric moment Mu = Pua*e<\/li>\n
            3. Calculate factored shear, Vu = Mu \/ L<\/li>\n
            4. Determine factored reactions, Rua & Rub.<\/li>\n
            5. Determine factored footing reactions.<\/li>\n
            6. Perform structural analysis; determine factored shear and moment<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              on footings and strap.<\/p>\n

               <\/p>\n

              Determine moment and shear in a strap footing<\/strong><\/p>\n

              Given: The strap footing in<\/p>\n

              Requirement: Determine maximum factored shears and moment in the footings and strap.<\/p>\n

              Solution:<\/strong><\/p>\n

              Factored column load of A = 1.4*50+1.7*40=138 kips<\/p>\n

              Factored column load of B = 1.4*100+1.7*80=276 kips<\/p>\n

              Factored eccentric moment, Mu = 138*2=276 ft-kips<\/p>\n

              Factored shear, Vu = 276\/20=13.8 kips<\/p>\n

              Factored footing reaction at A = 138+13.8=151.8 kips<\/p>\n

              Factored footing pressure per linear foot of A = 151.8\/6=25.3 k\/ft<\/p>\n

               <\/p>\n

              Factored footing reaction at B = 276-13.8=262.2 kips<\/p>\n

              Factored footing pressure per linear foot at B = 262.2\/8=32.8 k\/ft.<\/p>\n

              Shear diagram:<\/strong><\/p>\n

              At point 1: Vu = 25.3*1.5-138= -100.1 kips<\/p>\n

              At point 2: Vu = 25.3*6-138=13.8 kips<\/p>\n

              At point 3: Vu = 25.3*6-138=13.8 kips<\/p>\n

              At point 4: Vu = 13.8+32.8*3.5= 128.6 kips<\/p>\n

              At point 5: Vu = 32.8*-3.5=-114.8 kips<\/p>\n

              Moment diagram:<\/strong><\/p>\n

              At point 1: Mu = 25.3*1.52\/2-138*0.5= -40.5 ft-kips<\/p>\n

              At point 2: Mu = 25.3*62\/2-138*5= -234.6 ft-kips<\/p>\n

              At point 3: Mu = 25.3*6*(6\/2+13)-138*(5+13)=-55.2 ft-kips<\/p>\n

              At point 4: Mu = 25.3*6*(6\/2+13+3.5)-138*(5+13+3.5)+32.8*3.52\/2=194 ft-kips<\/p>\n

              At point 5: Mu = 32.8*3.52\/2=200.9 ft-kips<\/p>\n

              \"\"<\/p>\n

              Reinforced concrete design of strap footing<\/strong><\/p>\n

              Design procedure:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Design exterior footing. Check shear stresses and design flexural reinforcement.<\/li>\n
              2. Design interior footing. Check shear stresses and design flexural reinforcements.<\/li>\n
              3. Design footing strap as a reinforced concrete beam.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Design of Strap footing Introduction When \u00a0two \u00a0columns are reasonably close, a combined footing is designed for both columns as shown in below. When two columns are far apart, a strap is designed to transfer eccentric moment between two columns as shown in below. The goal is to have uniform bearing pressure and to minimize …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2264,"featured_media":1828,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[113,204,102],"class_list":["post-1821","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-structural","tag-footing","tag-strap-footing","tag-structural-design"],"yoast_head":"\nDesign of Strap Footing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Design of Strap footing Introduction Combined footings and strap footings are normal used when one of columns\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Design of Strap Footing\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Design of Strap footing Introduction Combined footings and strap footings are normal used when one of columns\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Online CivilForum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/civilwork\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-07-12T07:38:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-12-13T06:03:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1440\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@thomasjbritto\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@thomasjbritto\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ccbccea3895033bfa0aa3bc0683d83ef\"},\"headline\":\"Design of Strap Footing\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-07-12T07:38:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-12-13T06:03:53+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":615,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/07\\\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp\",\"keywords\":[\"Footing\",\"Strap footing\",\"Structural Design\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Structural\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/\",\"name\":\"Design of Strap Footing\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/07\\\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-07-12T07:38:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-12-13T06:03:53+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ccbccea3895033bfa0aa3bc0683d83ef\"},\"description\":\"Design of Strap footing Introduction Combined footings and strap footings are normal used when one of columns\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/07\\\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/07\\\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp\",\"width\":1440,\"height\":1080},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/design-of-strap-footing\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Structural\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/category\\\/structural\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Design of Strap Footing\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/\",\"name\":\"Online CivilForum\",\"description\":\"Online Civilforum based recruitment news site that aims to spread the construction knowledge to all over the World.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/onlinecivilforum.com\\\/site\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ccbccea3895033bfa0aa3bc0683d83ef\",\"name\":\"Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/cdf45ee29d77ef3d29bfff6e0c7a02774edc163b7d650db08ea7ffabd5deffba?s=96&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/cdf45ee29d77ef3d29bfff6e0c7a02774edc163b7d650db08ea7ffabd5deffba?s=96&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/cdf45ee29d77ef3d29bfff6e0c7a02774edc163b7d650db08ea7ffabd5deffba?s=96&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Admin\"},\"description\":\"My name is Thomas Britto.I am a civil engineer from India.I know there were many people who struggle for information during graduation or after seeking their job.I have started this website for providing basic knowledge and New technologies which were implementing all over the world. we will definitely provide valuable information for you all. stay connected and Follow us on other social media platforms. Thank you !\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Design of Strap Footing","description":"Design of Strap footing Introduction Combined footings and strap footings are normal used when one of columns","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Design of Strap Footing","og_description":"Design of Strap footing Introduction Combined footings and strap footings are normal used when one of columns","og_url":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/","og_site_name":"Online CivilForum","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/civilwork","article_published_time":"2017-07-12T07:38:38+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-12-13T06:03:53+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1440,"height":1080,"url":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@thomasjbritto","twitter_site":"@thomasjbritto","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Admin","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/"},"author":{"name":"Admin","@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/#\/schema\/person\/ccbccea3895033bfa0aa3bc0683d83ef"},"headline":"Design of Strap Footing","datePublished":"2017-07-12T07:38:38+00:00","dateModified":"2022-12-13T06:03:53+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/"},"wordCount":615,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp","keywords":["Footing","Strap footing","Structural Design"],"articleSection":["Structural"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/","url":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/","name":"Design of Strap Footing","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp","datePublished":"2017-07-12T07:38:38+00:00","dateModified":"2022-12-13T06:03:53+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/#\/schema\/person\/ccbccea3895033bfa0aa3bc0683d83ef"},"description":"Design of Strap footing Introduction Combined footings and strap footings are normal used when one of columns","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Design-of-Strap-footing-jpg.webp","width":1440,"height":1080},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/design-of-strap-footing\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Structural","item":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/category\/structural\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Design of Strap Footing"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/#website","url":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/","name":"Online CivilForum","description":"Online Civilforum based recruitment news site that aims to spread the construction knowledge to all over the World.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/#\/schema\/person\/ccbccea3895033bfa0aa3bc0683d83ef","name":"Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cdf45ee29d77ef3d29bfff6e0c7a02774edc163b7d650db08ea7ffabd5deffba?s=96&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cdf45ee29d77ef3d29bfff6e0c7a02774edc163b7d650db08ea7ffabd5deffba?s=96&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cdf45ee29d77ef3d29bfff6e0c7a02774edc163b7d650db08ea7ffabd5deffba?s=96&r=g","caption":"Admin"},"description":"My name is Thomas Britto.I am a civil engineer from India.I know there were many people who struggle for information during graduation or after seeking their job.I have started this website for providing basic knowledge and New technologies which were implementing all over the world. we will definitely provide valuable information for you all. stay connected and Follow us on other social media platforms. Thank you !"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1821","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2264"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1821"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1821\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1828"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1821"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1821"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}