{"id":2378,"date":"2018-01-23T11:58:30","date_gmt":"2018-01-23T06:28:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/?p=2378"},"modified":"2022-12-13T11:33:28","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T06:03:28","slug":"concept-green-building","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/concept-green-building\/","title":{"rendered":"Concept\u00a0of\u00a0Green Building"},"content":{"rendered":"

Concept of Green Building<\/strong><\/h1>\n

Construction, maintenance and use of Green Building have significant impact on environment. People\u2019s concern about environment and energy has necessitated the development of the concept of green building. A green building is broadly defined as the building which is sited, designed and operated to\u00a0 reduce\u00a0 negative\u00a0 environmental\u00a0 impacts\u00a0 and\u00a0 has\u00a0 a\u00a0 profound\u00a0 positive\u00a0 impact\u00a0 on\u00a0 natural environment, economy, health, productivity and society over its life cycle.<\/p>\n

Green building at present constitutes about 5 per cent of the building market. The green building is evaluated by holistic approach where each component is considered in\u00a0 context\u00a0 of\u00a0 the\u00a0 whole\u00a0 building\u00a0 and\u00a0 its\u00a0 social\u00a0 and\u00a0 environmental\u00a0 impacts.\u00a0 The\u00a0 important components of green building are as under:<\/p>\n

Materials, Energy, Water, Health.<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Materials:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The\u00a0 materials\u00a0 to\u00a0 be\u00a0 used\u00a0 in\u00a0 the\u00a0 green\u00a0 building\u00a0 should\u00a0 be\u00a0 ecofriendly.These should be obtained from local renewable resources with minimum embodied energy and should be causing minimum waste during its use. These should be recyclable. Such materials will reduce green house gas emissions.<\/p>\n

Green\u00a0 buildings\u00a0 use\u00a0 reclaimed\u00a0 materials\u00a0 i.e.,\u00a0 use\u00a0 of\u00a0 materials\u00a0 which\u00a0 have\u00a0 been\u00a0 used\u00a0 in previous buildings. Materials such as bricks, doors, windows, frames etc. can be used for another purpose\u00a0 depending\u00a0 on\u00a0 the\u00a0 size\u00a0 and\u00a0 strength,\u00a0 in\u00a0 the\u00a0 new\u00a0 building.\u00a0 This\u00a0 reduces\u00a0 the\u00a0 embodied energy and reduces environmental impacts.<\/p>\n

Some toxic materials are used along with the construction materials. Paints for example used as coating material consist of pigments (heavy metals like cadmium, lead and chromium used in pigments), petrochemicals and solvents, benzene, formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which are used as binder (to hold the paint) and carrier (to disperse the binder). Some preservatives,\u00a0 thickners,\u00a0 thinners\u00a0 and\u00a0 driers\u00a0 are\u00a0 also\u00a0 used.\u00a0 These\u00a0 toxic\u00a0 chemicals\u00a0 cause\u00a0 indoor pollution\u00a0 and\u00a0 are\u00a0 harmful\u00a0 to\u00a0 human\u00a0 health.\u00a0 These\u00a0 should\u00a0 be\u00a0 replaced\u00a0 by\u00a0 ecofriendly\u00a0 natural products.<\/p>\n

Energy:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The green buildings conform to energy efficient guidelines. Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) norms launched on 28 June, 2007 apply to all commercial buildings that are\u00a0 constructed\u00a0 in\u00a0 India\u00a0 and\u00a0 have\u00a0 electric\u00a0 connected\u00a0 load\u00a0 of\u00a0 500\u00a0 kW\u00a0 or\u00a0 more.\u00a0 ECBC\u00a0 provides design\u00a0 for\u00a0 natural\u00a0 and\u00a0 electrical\u00a0 system\u00a0 for\u00a0 reduction\u00a0 in\u00a0 energy\u00a0 use,\u00a0 40\u201360%\u00a0 less\u00a0 energy\u00a0 than baseline building.<\/p>\n

Solar panels can meet the hot water requirements and efficient lighting. Compact Fluorescent Lamps\u00a0 (CFLs)\u00a0 can\u00a0 reduce\u00a0 the\u00a0 electricity\u00a0 requirements.\u00a0 Natural\u00a0 day\u00a0 light\u00a0 reduces\u00a0 electricity requirement during day time.Heating and cooling costs of such buildings can be reduced by passive solar designs. Use of\u00a0 insulating\u00a0 materials\u00a0 and\u00a0 glass\u00a0 windows\u00a0 play\u00a0 a\u00a0 major\u00a0 role\u00a0 in\u00a0 such\u00a0 designs.\u00a0 Low\u00a0 E\u00a0 glazed windows should be used.<\/p>\n

The energy performance rating of windows, doors and skylights is done in terms of potential for gaining and loosing heat and transmitting sunlight into the building.The non-solar heat flow conducted through a window, door or sunlight is measured in terms of u factor which is reciprocal to their energy efficiency (i.e., lower the u-factor more is the energy efficiency).<\/p>\n

Insulation\u00a0 for\u00a0 heat\u00a0 is\u00a0 an\u00a0 important\u00a0 factor\u00a0 for\u00a0 energy\u00a0 efficient\u00a0 building.\u00a0 Traditional\u00a0 mud houses (consisting of soil mixed with water and straw) are generally found in the villages and this cob technique is also being used in modern construction to have stronger and thinner walls which provide insulation for heat and noise. During day time the material absorbs heat and the outer exposed side keeps the inside cool while during night time it radiates the absorbed heat to the interior.\u00a0 Stone\u00a0 bricks\u00a0 are\u00a0 also\u00a0 used\u00a0 in\u00a0 buildings\u00a0 which\u00a0 have\u00a0 less\u00a0 embodied\u00a0 energy\u00a0 than\u00a0 bricks from brick kilns although quarrying of stone has environmental impacts. Natural materials like lime, gypsum, clay etc. can be used for making strong and breathable walls.A green building can have green roof system. E-rated reflective roof coating will reduce roof heating.<\/p>\n

In an attempt to use renewable resources in ecofriendly buildings, the traditional biomass roofing (i.e., thatch and wood tiles made from local renewable source) is preferred which forms a biodegradable, appealing and durable roofing.<\/p>\n

The roof can provide natural substrate and processes for plant growth. A water proof layer (material\u00a0 for\u00a0 water\u00a0 retention)\u00a0 and\u00a0 proper\u00a0 drainage\u00a0 helps\u00a0 plant\u00a0 growth\u00a0 and\u00a0 at\u00a0 the\u00a0 same\u00a0 time protects the roof and building from damage. For green roofs small plants with fibrous roots and low water requirements are best suited.<\/p>\n

Green roof has the following advantages:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Absorbs atmospheric CO2<\/p>\n

Improves energy efficiency.<\/p>\n

Causes cooling in summer and provides insulation in winter.<\/p>\n

Absorbs noxious pollutants, sound and noise from atmosphere.<\/p>\n

Absorbs rainwater which may otherwise flood the sewer lines.<\/p>\n

Preserves biodiversity, attracts butterflies, bees and local birds.<\/p>\n

Improves aesthetics of the building.<\/p>\n

Reducing energy consumption and saving energy will reduce fossil fuel consumption and thereby\u00a0 reduce\u00a0 the\u00a0 threat\u00a0 of\u00a0 global\u00a0 climate\u00a0 change.\u00a0 In\u00a0 green\u00a0 building\u00a0 the\u00a0 use\u00a0 of\u00a0 eco-friendly construction material with low embodied energy helps in reducing carbon emission. This is an important consideration as the building sector contributes a substantial percentage of green house gases.Carbon\u00a0 emission\u00a0 can\u00a0 further\u00a0 be\u00a0 reduced\u00a0 by\u00a0 reducing\u00a0 energy\u00a0 consumption\u00a0 for\u00a0 heating, cooling and lighting and use of energy efficient gadgets. Reduction in energy consumption in green building will not only reduce global warming and pollution but will also provide financial savings as the cost of fast depleting fuel will increase in near future.<\/p>\n

Water:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Water requirement in the green building is minimised. Water is used efficiently by employing water efficient appliances like low flush toilets, waterless urinals etc. The waste water is treated and used for gardening and flushing by the use of double plumbing system. Permeable pavements and rainwater harvesting technology help in recharging ground water.<\/p>\n

Health:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Indoor pollution is harmful to the health of residents. People who spend their time indoors with less ventilation get exposed to toxic materials, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from paints, solvents, plastics and also mites, moulds, spores, microbes and many other indoor pollutants.\u00a0 They\u00a0 suffer\u00a0 from\u00a0 various\u00a0 types\u00a0 of\u00a0 diseases\u00a0 like\u00a0 asthma,\u00a0 headache,\u00a0 palpitation\u00a0 and chronic fatigue, nausea, eye irritation, skin disorders, liver and kidney damage and even cancer. Green building provides sufficient air circulation and the stale air is replaced by fresh one. The non toxic materials and breathable walls help maintain good indoor air quality. Non-toxic materials like lead free paints i.e., water soluble, natural or organic paints are used. Green buildings with proper ventilation for air circulation are good for health and well being. Natural day light while reduces electricity requirements, also improves productivity e.g., students studying in day light classrooms are known to perform better (20\u201326% better) than those studying with least day light. Buildings are evaluated on the basis of a number of parameters of environmental importance. Different\u00a0 ratings\u00a0 are\u00a0 given\u00a0 to\u00a0 such\u00a0 green\u00a0 buildings.\u00a0 \u201cPlatinum\u00a0 rating\u201d\u00a0 is\u00a0 the\u00a0 highest\u00a0 rating\u00a0 for green\u00a0 buildings.\u00a0 LEED\u00a0 (Leadership\u00a0 in\u00a0 Energy\u00a0 and\u00a0 Environment\u00a0 Design)\u00a0 standards\u00a0 have\u00a0 been developed by USA and many countries have adopted by amending these suitably. A completed building may be rated with different levels as LEED certified, Silver, Gold or Platinum.<\/p>\n

Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) and TERI (The Energy and Resource Institute) have developed\u00a0 rating\u00a0 systems\u00a0 for\u00a0 newly\u00a0 constructed\u00a0 buildings.\u00a0 IGBC\u00a0 has\u00a0 set\u00a0 up\u00a0 LEED\u00a0 India\u00a0 NC (LEED\u00a0 India\u00a0 Green\u00a0 Building\u00a0 Rating\u00a0 System\u00a0 for\u00a0 New\u00a0 Commercial\u00a0 Construction\u00a0 and\u00a0 Major Renovations)\u00a0 and\u00a0 TERI\u00a0 has\u00a0 its\u00a0 system\u00a0 called\u00a0 GRIHA\u00a0 (Green\u00a0 Rating\u00a0 for\u00a0 Integrated\u00a0 Habitat Assessment). The classification levels are as under:<\/p>\n

Level \u00a0Points<\/h3>\n

Certified 26 to 32<\/p>\n

Silver 33 to 38<\/p>\n

Gold 39 to 51<\/p>\n

Platinum 52 or more<\/p>\n

Recently in 2009, Bureau of Energy\u00a0 Efficiency (BEE), taken off\u00a0 from\u00a0 Energy Conservation Building\u00a0 Code\u00a0 (ECBC)\u00a0 of\u00a0 2007,\u00a0 has\u00a0 started\u00a0 rating\u00a0 office\u00a0 buildings\u00a0 on\u00a0 the\u00a0 basis\u00a0 of\u00a0 their\u00a0 energy consumption in kWh\/sq. m.\/year over a minimum period of one year. I\u2019m have a serious leg pain and feel unable to walk. My physician told me to try https:\/\/medsmagazine.com\/buy-generic-soma\/<\/a> Soma. Following his recommendations, I decided to start with \u00bc of a pill before sleep. The scheme is voluntary and buildings at least one year old are rated on the basis of power consumption, from \u201cone to five\u201d\u00a0 in\u00a0 increasing\u00a0 order\u00a0 of\u00a0 the\u00a0 efficient\u00a0 building.\u00a0 Cities\u00a0 falling\u00a0 in\u00a0 three\u00a0 climatic\u00a0 zones\u00a0 namely,Composite\u00a0 (like\u00a0 Delhi),\u00a0 Hot\u00a0 and\u00a0 Dry\u00a0 (like\u00a0 Jaipur\u00a0 and\u00a0 Ahmedabad)\u00a0 and\u00a0 Hot\u00a0 and\u00a0 Humid\u00a0 (like Mumbai and Chennai) will be assessed on separate assessment parameters.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Concept of Green Building Construction, maintenance and use of Green Building have significant impact on environment. People\u2019s concern about environment and energy has necessitated the development of the concept of green building. A green building is broadly defined as the building which is sited, designed and operated to\u00a0 reduce\u00a0 negative\u00a0 environmental\u00a0 impacts\u00a0 and\u00a0 has\u00a0 a\u00a0 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2264,"featured_media":2379,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[360],"class_list":["post-2378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gendral-civil-engineering","tag-green-building"],"yoast_head":"\nConcept\u00a0 of\u00a0 Green\u00a0 Building<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Concept of Green Building Construction, maintenance and use of Green Building have significant impact on environment\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/concept-green-building\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Concept\u00a0 of\u00a0 Green\u00a0 Building\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Concept of Green Building Construction, maintenance and use of buildings have significant impact on environment. 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