{"id":2459,"date":"2018-01-31T20:22:16","date_gmt":"2018-01-31T14:52:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/?p=2459"},"modified":"2022-12-13T11:33:20","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T06:03:20","slug":"chemical-admixtures-concrete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/chemical-admixtures-concrete\/","title":{"rendered":"Chemical Admixtures for Concrete"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><strong>Chemical Admixtures for Concrete<\/strong><\/h1>\n<h2><strong>Chemical Admixtures<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4>The definition of\u00a0 RILEM (International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures) is:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Admixtures for concrete, mortar or paste are inorganic or organic materials<\/li>\n<li>These are added to the normal components of a mix not normally exceeding 5% by mass of cement or cementitious materials<\/li>\n<li>Admixtures interact\u00a0with hydrating cement\u00a0by\u00a0 physical,\u00a0 chemical\u00a0or\u00a0 physicochemical actions.<\/li>\n<li>They modify one or more properties of concrete, mortar or paste either in fresh or hardened state.<\/li>\n<li>Admixtures are usually very complex compounds chemically excepting a few.<\/li>\n<li>They are unlikely\u00a0 to be\u00a0pure compounds but associated with some other minor chemical compounds or they may be mixed formulations.<\/li>\n<li>It is rather difficult for a civil engineer to understand them through their chemical nature.<\/li>\n<li>Their effect on cement concrete, mortar or paste can be assessed by (the usual) simple tests on cement, mortar and concrete.<\/li>\n<li>In most\u00a0advanced\u00a0countries,\u00a0 admixtures\u00a0have\u00a0become\u00a0as\u00a0essential\u00a0ingredient\u00a0 of concrete as cement, aggregate and water themselves.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Need of admixtures <\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>If we\u00a0 are\u00a0 pouring\u00a0 a\u00a0 low grade\u00a0 concrete,\u00a0 say\u00a0 M20,\u00a0 If\u00a0 we\u00a0 are \u00a0not\u00a0 unduly concerned about its water content nor its water-cement ratio,<\/li>\n<li>If the cost of materials and labour are paid entirely by the owner (or some one else) at\u00a0whatever\u00a0rates\u00a0we\u00a0have quoted,\u00a0 then,\u00a0 Admixtures\u00a0 will\u00a0make\u00a0the concrete more expensive. But then our concrete will be an indifferent one,<\/li>\n<li>Its durability, water tightness and consistent strength will be suspect.<\/li>\n<li>If we have a problem later on, there is little we can do to rectify it.<\/li>\n<li>But, in many other situations we cannot get away with such concrete or such an attitude.<\/li>\n<li>We may have to observe strictly a low w\/c ratio as per design requirement<\/li>\n<li>We may have to transport concrete over large distances or to great heights<\/li>\n<li>We may\u00a0 need\u00a0 high\u00a0 flow ability\u00a0 either\u00a0 due\u00a0 to\u00a0 reinforcement\u00a0 congestion or narrowness of sections or the inability to use vibrators<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>We then need chemical admixture.<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>All major bridges in India require admixtures for their concrete.<\/li>\n<li>Cost of admixtures is often compensated by savings in labour costs, placing costs and\/ or cement costs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Usual admixtures: <\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>For our country,\u00a0 the\u00a0most\u00a0common chemical\u00a0admixtures\u00a0are\u00a0plasticizers and Super-plasticizers. These are also known as water reducers and high-range water reducers, respectively.<\/li>\n<li>Retarders are\u00a0 likely\u00a0 to\u00a0 be\u00a0 needed,\u00a0 especially\u00a0 for\u00a0 hot\u00a0 weather\u00a0 concreting,\u00a0 ready mixed concrete or for special continuous pours<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Other types of admixtures are: <\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Accelerators<\/li>\n<li>Air-entraining agents<\/li>\n<li>Pumping aids<\/li>\n<li>Shot Crete\/ Guniting aids<\/li>\n<li>Corrosion inhibitors, and some others.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>How do they act? <\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The chemical,\u00a0 physical\u00a0or\u00a0 physico chemical\u00a0actions\u00a0of\u00a0admixtures in\u00a0cement concrete are quite complex.<\/li>\n<li>In fact, cement itself is an extremely complex compound with major compounds such as calcium silicates, calcium aluminates, gypsum.<\/li>\n<li>Besides it contains many alkali and other calcium salts.<\/li>\n<li>The action\u00a0 of\u00a0 admixtures\u00a0 can,\u00a0 however,\u00a0 be\u00a0 simplified\u00a0 for\u00a0 the\u00a0 sake\u00a0 of Understanding, as:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(i) adsorption<\/p>\n<p>(ii) De-flocculation or dispersion<\/p>\n<p>(iii)Chemical absorption or interaction<\/p>\n<p>Often, all the three take place. We should know a little about these so that we can choose admixtures for our job more correctly<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chemical Admixtures for Concrete Chemical Admixtures The definition of\u00a0 RILEM (International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures) is: Admixtures for concrete, mortar or paste are inorganic or organic materials These are added to the normal components of a mix not normally exceeding 5% by mass of cement or cementitious materials Admixtures &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2264,"featured_media":2460,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[376,69],"class_list":["post-2459","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-concrete-technology","tag-chemical-admixtures","tag-concrete"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This 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