{"id":6592,"date":"2019-02-27T09:31:34","date_gmt":"2019-02-27T04:01:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/?p=6592"},"modified":"2022-12-13T11:28:57","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T05:58:57","slug":"construction-site-preparation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/construction-site-preparation\/","title":{"rendered":"Construction Site Preparation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Construction\nSite Preparation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The Construction Site Preparation site should be surveyed before commencement<\/g> of the building. Prior to excavation<\/g> of trenches for foundations, lines are required for marking excavation for foundations termed as setting out the work. After the preparation of designs for foundations, plans for excavation of trenches to receive foundations are prepared to convenient scale. Before starting excavation oftrenches<\/g>, the centre<\/g> line of the walls and the width of foundation<\/g> are to be marked at site<\/g>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Construction
Construction Site Preparation<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The centre line of one of the longest walls should be marked\nby stretching the string between two wooden pegs driven at two ends. The centre\nlines of walls are set out with reference to the above line made in the plan. The\npegs should be \ufb01xed at about 1 metre outside the limits of excavation. The top\nof all pegs should be in horizontal level irrespective of the level of the\nground. All lines at right angles should be \ufb01xed by” using 3:4:5 method. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The setting out and checking right angles can also be done by\nusing wooden square. For large and important works, instruments like dumpy\nlevel\/theodolite may be used. The measurement should be made only by using\nsteel. The accuracy of right angles should be checked by measuring the two\ndiagonals from opposite corners which should be equal to each other. If there is\nany difference, either in the sides or diagonals, the errors are to be\nneutralised by adjusting the position of the strings of  the pegs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Small wire nails should be driven at the exact string points\non the pegs. On either side of the centre line, the foundation trench lines are\nmarked with a pick-axe. Once lines are marked, the pegs and the strings may be\nremoved.Instead of driving the pegs on the ground, masonry pillars can be built\nabout 1 metre away from the outer edges of excavation with a width of about 300\nmm. wider than the foundation trenches. After hacking the lines, the strings stretched\non the central points are pressed by a mason’s trowel after applying some\ncement mortar on the top of the pillars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thus the centre line of walls and the outer line of foundation trenches are \ufb01xed permanently for cross reference during construction work.The first peg has to be driven on the South-West corner of the plot and the other one on the South-East corner with reference to the \ufb01rst peg; The third side should be at North-West. The fourth side should be at North East.The excavation will be conducted over the entire foundation and the work should be done in layers. <\/p>\n\n\n\n