{"id":7176,"date":"2019-08-21T10:26:42","date_gmt":"2019-08-21T04:56:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/?p=7176"},"modified":"2022-12-13T11:28:38","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T05:58:38","slug":"electrical-system-in-building","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/electrical-system-in-building\/","title":{"rendered":"Electrical System In Building Construction"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Electrical System In Building<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Electrification<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The purpose of the electrical system in building is to\ndistribute the power safely to all of the different rooms and appliances.The\nelectrician at first places all of the boxes for electrical outlets, lights and\nswitches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

House Wiring Rules and Electrical System In Building<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

All materials used for house.-wiring i.e., wires and\naccessories should be of good quality, preferably having Bureau of Indian\nStandard (BIS) Mark.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The number of points in a light circuit is not to exceed 10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The switch board is to be fitted at a height of 1.5 metres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The horizontal run of the wiring on walls should be at a\nheight of 3 metres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Use only three pin sockets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The minimum, size of earth wire is.4 square millimeters for aluminium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fuse wire should be connected to the phase wire only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Connect all switches in the phase wire only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Power Circuit shall have maximum 2 points.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Colours of Insulation for Wires<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Phase wire: red, yellow & blue<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neutral wire: black<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Earth wire : green<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Copper wires are more corrosion resistant and are more\nflexible for bending compared to Aluminum wires but are costlier than Aluminum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Notes on Earthing<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Earthing is of two types;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pipe earthing<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plate earthing<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G.l Pipe or plate electrode is normally used. Where soil\nconditions are corrosive, copper pipe or copper plate electrode is used for\nearthing. The location of earth pit should be such where the soil has a\nreasonable chance of remaining moist. Entrances, pavements and roadway are\ndefinitely avoided for locating earth pits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dry earth has more resistance while moist earth has less\nresistance. Charcoal and salt decrease the resistance of earth, That is why\nthey are filled in earth pit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A masonry enclosure is normally made over earth pit for\nwatering arrangement. A funnel on the top of pipe at ground level inside a\nmasonry chamber is used to put water frequently for decreasing earth\nresistance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Galvanized iron earth wire from the main Distribution Board\nis connected to Gl or Copper earth pipe at earthing pit through bolt & nut\nfor earthing purpose.Inside the building, in addition to all the electrical\nappliances, all switch boxes,metre box etc., should also be earthed. For\nchecking the earth connection at 3 pin socket and other places, connect leads\nof test lamp between phase and earth.If the bulb glows, the earth connection is\nalright.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Defects in Electrical Circuits<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Open Circuit Fault:<\/strong> The current flows in a closed\ncircuit. Therefore, continuity must be present. Whenever there is a break in\nthe circuit, the current does not flow. This is called open circuit fault. This\nfault is caused due to burnt out element, broken wire, loose\/open connection, a\ncorroded or rusted point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Short Circuit:<\/strong> It is a condition in which the supply\nis connected to live and neutral wire without a load. in such a situation, the\nfuse blows out. It is caused due to insulation failure and loose connection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Electrical Shock <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Body is a conductor, When the live wire touches the\nbody, the current flows through the body and the muscular functions of the body\nare paralysed. When the body is dry, its resistance is more hence less current\nfor the same voltage and hence less shock. Similarly, when the body is wet, its\nresistance is less, so more current for the same voltage and more shock.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In A C supply system the earthing of electrical equipment is\nnecessary to avoid shocks and earth leakage for safety of human beings and\nfires. In our present system, though there is provision of earthing, sufficient\ncare is not taken to maintain a proper earthing and to connect all electrical\ngadgets to earth wire.In most of the cases, the earth wire is ignored.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Types of Lighting Fixtures<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Lighting Service Lamp: Used inside houses<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sodium Vapour Lamp: Normally used for Street Lighting<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mercury Vapour Lamp: Normally used for Street lighting<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Halogen Lamp:Flood light<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Florescent Tube Light(FTL) : available in length of Il.to 5\nfeet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Compact Florescent Lamp(CFL): Cost effective lighting inside\nhouses<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fittings<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regarding fittings, plugs, sockets, switches, the quality of these products plays an important role. invariably small sparks start from these fittings due to poor quality and workmanship and even though the sparks are of small intensity they are liable to ignite inflammable materials in the vicinity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ebook to Read Concrete Building Scheme Design Manual<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

See More<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n