{"id":7348,"date":"2019-11-08T18:37:25","date_gmt":"2019-11-08T13:07:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/?p=7348"},"modified":"2022-12-13T11:28:32","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T05:58:32","slug":"drain-and-sewer-installation-and-testing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/drain-and-sewer-installation-and-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"Drain and Sewer Installation and Testing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Drain and Sewer Installation and Testing<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Prestart<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Check that invert levels on drawings are correct to gradients and to any existing invert levels.<\/li>\n<li>Check service drawings to establish\u00a0 if\u00a0 any\u00a0 existing\u00a0 services\u00a0 cross\u00a0 proposed drain runs.<\/li>\n<li>Calculate the position of manhole centre lines for setting out purposes.<\/li>\n<li>Calculate gradients if laser is to be used.<\/li>\n<li>Draw a sketch\u00a0 of\u00a0 proposed\u00a0 drain\u00a0 run\u00a0 (ideally\u00a0 in\u00a0 a\u00a0 permanent\u00a0 duplicate\u00a0 book),showing the following information:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u2013 manholes with identification<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 diameter of pipe<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 type of pipe e.g. clay, concrete, cast or ductile iron, plastic<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 junctions on pipe run<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 diameter of junction branches<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 distance to junction from centre of manhole<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 manhole chamber diameter or other size<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 number of rings required<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 connections into manholes with diameters.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Check trench width for size of machine bucket.<\/li>\n<li>Check trench depths for planks or sheets and strutting.<\/li>\n<li>Check type of pipe bed material.<\/li>\n<li>Check type of initial backfill material.<\/li>\n<li>Check type of main backfill material.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Setting out<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Set out centre line of manholes and provide offsets.<\/li>\n<li>Erect profile boards at manholes (where a laser is used, this is only for a check).<\/li>\n<li>Mark on the ground any existing services lines crossing trench.<\/li>\n<li>Set up pipe boning rods or set laser gradient as appropriate.<\/li>\n<li>At each manhole, set out pegs for directions of connections.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note: Class 3a visible red beam pipe lasers may only be used by trained site engineers. The use of hired or subcontractors\u2019 pipe lasers on site requires the appointment of a laser safety officer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pipelaying of Drain and Sewer Installation\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Check pipeline is running in correct direction.<\/li>\n<li>Check trench width is correct.<\/li>\n<li>Ensure that machine driver and banksman are aware of any service crossings.<\/li>\n<li>Check planks or sheets and strutting or other means of trench support are being used correctly.<\/li>\n<li>Check that correct pipe bedding is being used.<\/li>\n<li>Check pipeline by means of an air test to ensure that they are correctly jointed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Test to be witnessed by appropriate inspector and client\u2019s site representative and to be recorded on a check sheet.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Check with level staff that pipes are at correct level.<\/li>\n<li>Measure distances to junctions and record in duplicate book.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pipe bedding<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Defined as Bedding Construction the granular bedding material should be placed to invert level and should usually extend to the full width of the trench. Gradings for the granular materials to be used for pipe bedding are specified, which also specifies the standards that define the materials themselves.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Placing bedding material<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The bedding material for the specified bedding class is placed as required in the lower bedding, upper bedding, sidefill and initial backfill areas.Socket holes should be formed at each joint position for socketted pipes. These should be deep enough to prevent the weight of the pipe and the load upon it bearing on the socket or coupling and should be a minimum of 50 mm deep, leaving a minimum\u00a0 depth\u00a0 of\u00a0 50 mm\u00a0 of\u00a0 bedding\u00a0 material\u00a0 beneath\u00a0 the\u00a0 joint.\u00a0 For\u00a0 clay\u00a0 sleeve jointed pipes and couplings (not socketted) this permits a minimum bedding depth construction of 50 mm under couplings and pipes to be specified.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Placing sidefill material<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sidefill of either granular or selected backfill material, depending on the class of bedding, should be placed evenly on either side of a rigid pipe taking care not disturb the line and level. Bedding material should not be compacted in the socket holes.The sidefill should be placed to the top of the pipe and hand tamped in 150 mm layers, ensuring that the line of laid pipeline is not disturbed. The initial backfill should be placed to 150 mm above the crown of the pipe and this layer hand tamped.<\/p>\n<p>Selected fill, whether selected from locally excavated material or imported, should consist of uniform, readily compactible materials, free from vegetable matter, building rubbish, frozen material and materials susceptible to spontaneous combustion.It should also exclude clay of liquid limit greater than 80 or plastic limit greater than 55 and materials of excessively high moisture content. Clay lumps and stones retained\u00a0 on\u00a0 75\u00a0 and\u00a0 37.5 mm\u00a0 sieves\u00a0 respectively\u00a0 should\u00a0 be\u00a0 excluded\u00a0 from\u00a0 the\u00a0 fill material.<\/p>\n<p>It should be noted that the side support for flexible pipes depends upon the extent and the degree of compaction of the bedding and the nature of the surrounding soil. For this reason, flexible pipes should be installed with specified bedding materials which allow appropriate compaction.<\/p>\n<p><strong>See More <a class=\"row-title\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/modern-building-construction-methods\/\" aria-label=\"\u201cModern Building Construction Methods\u201d (Edit)\">Modern Building Construction Methods<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Placing backfill material<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As soon as the pipes are correctly jointed, bedded, tested and approved, selected material and backfill should be placed. The minimum thickness of the initial backfill over the pipe barrel shall be 150 mm with a minimum of 100 mm over the joint.<\/p>\n<p>For clay pipes with class D, N, F or B bedding, selected material from the trench excavation can be used as sidefill above the bedding, or for the layer directly above the pipes, provided that it is readily compactable. It should exclude stones retained on a 40 mm sieve, hard lumps of clay retained on a 100 mm sieve, timber, frozen material and vegetable and foreign matter. For class D, N or F bedding, the selected material should be placed under the haunches of the pipe, care being taken not to dis place the pipe from its correct line and level.Drain and Sewer Installation to make it proper drainage.<\/p>\n<p>Mechanical compaction equipment should not be used until there is a minimum of 450 mm of hand compacted material above the crown of the pipe. The need for effective compaction is important at all stages to minimise subsequent settlement.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ebook to Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinecivil.net\/2019\/11\/corrosion-of-steel-in-concrete.html\">Corrosion of Steel in Concrete: Understanding, Investigation and Repair<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Drain and Sewer Installation and Testing Prestart Check that invert levels on drawings are correct to gradients and to any existing invert levels. Check service drawings to establish\u00a0 if\u00a0 any\u00a0 existing\u00a0 services\u00a0 cross\u00a0 proposed drain runs. Calculate the position of manhole centre lines for setting out purposes. Calculate gradients if laser is to be used. &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2264,"featured_media":7349,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[444],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-construction-articles"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Drain and Sewer Installation and Testing - Online CivilForum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Drain and Sewer Installation and TestingPrestart Check that invert levels on drawings are correct to gradients and to any existing\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinecivilforum.com\/site\/drain-and-sewer-installation-and-testing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Drain and Sewer Installation and Testing - 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